Conference and Banqueting Management Assignment - 3

Conference and Banqueting Management - Assignment Example This means that the demand of human resource is much greater than the expected human resource supply in this area. Therefore, a wide scope for people who want to pursue hospitality as a course. The business is also characterized by a wide range of employment opportunities that constitute the different sectors makeup the hospitality industry. The hotels in the United Kingdom are diversified into small, upcountry hotels which are much independent to five star hotels which are very much luxurious. There are about 48 000 hotels in the United Kingdom, and it is noted that they employ up to 17% of the total human resource as per the hospitality sector. This is about 250 000 people who have skills. The other category is the restaurants. This sector constitutes outlets that sell take away food products. This category also constitutes the coffee bars, dining services and ethnic restaurants. Estimated in the United Kingdom show that there are over 100 000 outlets employing about 500 000 people in totality. However, about 70% of the restaurants are operated by the owners. The other 30 % is owned by groups. An example of a group is the Whitbread. This relates to the various methods that a work is carried out. Technology has greatly affected how hospitality is carried out. This has resulted to efficiency in the sector causing an increased growth. A good example is the current changes in computer hardware and software options. The computer technology has seen quick adaptation which has seen the hospitality industry grow in a much faster rate. The recent changes in the law affect the hospitality industry. The eminent changes have seen the business grow faster. An example is the reduction in taxes as per the hospitality industry. Also, the enactments of laws to protect the business have also been numerous. For example, the law has set to reduce theft using electronic cards. Unhealthy competition can lead to the collapse

Lai Bahadur Shastri Essay Example for Free

Lai Bahadur Shastri Essay Childhood is the most innocent phase in human life. It is that stage of life when the human foundations are laid for a successful adult life. Many children, instead of spending it in a carefree and fun-loving manner while learning and playing, are scarred and tormented. They hate their childhood and would do anything to get out of the dungeons of being children and controlled and tortured by others. They would love to break-free from this world, but continue to be where they are, not out of choice, but force. This is the true story of child labor. Innocent children are employed by industries and individuals who put them to work under grueling circumstances. They are made to work for long hours in dangerous factory units and sometimes made to carry load even heavier than their own body weight. Then there are individual households that hire children as domestic help and beat and physically torture them when they make a mistake. The children are at times made to starve and are given worn out clothes to wear. Such is the story of millions of children in India painful and yet true. The two primary reasons for the ever-growing social malice of child labor are poverty and lack of education. Poor parents give birth to children thinking them as money-making machines. They carry infants to earn more on the streets from begging. Then as they grow they make them beggars, and eventually sell them to employers. This malady is rampant across the length and breadth of India. The status of the girl child is the key to achieving women’s equality and dignity which is, in many ways, a litmus test of the maturity of a society. Girls are to be the future mothers besides future policy makers and leaders. The importance of women hardly needs emphasis. Woman is the mother of race and is the liaison between the generations. Our culture attaches much importance to women, therefore, India has been symbolized as ‘MOTHER INDIA’. Jawaharlal Nehru once said, â€Å"To awaken the people it is the women who must bye awakened. Once she is on the move the family moves, the village moves, the nation moves.† But we see girls facing discrimination everywhere, in each corner of the world. Now-a-days corruption can be seen everywhere. It is like cancer in public life, which has not become so rampant and perpetuated overnight, but in course of time. A country where leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Sardar Patel, Lai Bahadur Shastri and Kamraj have taken birth and led a value-based is now facing the problem of corruption. When we talk of corruption in public life, it covers  corruption in politics, state governments, central governments, business, industry and so on. Public dealing counters in most all government offices are the places where corruption most evident. If anybody does not pay for the work it is sure work wont be done. People have grown insatiable appetite for money in them and they can go to any extent t o get money. Undoubtedly they talk of morality and the importance of value-based life but that is for outer show. Their inner voice is something else. It is always crying for money. It has been seen the officers who are deputed to look into the matters of corruption turn out to be corrupt. Our leaders too are not less corrupt. Thus the network of corruption goes on as usual and remains undeterred. Corruption is seen even in the recruitment department where appointments are ensured through reliable middle agencies. Nexus between politicians and bureaucrats works in a very sophisticated manner. Nexus does also exist between criminals and police. A total war against these and a few other evils like drinking and smoking is of utmost necessity. There is legislation against these evils but they can be effectively checked only if the people decide to check them.

Cultural Aspects Of The Amish Society

Cultural Aspects Of The Amish Society The Amish originated in Switzerland but is now culturally centered in the States and Canada. The Amish are called the Old Order Amish or Pennsylvania Dutch. The religion is strict in the teaching of separation from the world and a tightly knit community. The doctrine that the Amish follow teaches farming and simplicity. Because of this simplicity, the Amish are now allowed to have electricity, own cars, or go to war. What modern people see as necessities in todays world, the Amish people live without in the Pennsylvania Dutch society. The Amish originated in Switzerland around the time of 1525. In the 16th century, the act of baptizing an adult was considered a crime. The members were beaten and thrown into rivers and left to die painful deaths. The carnage in Europe led to the immigration of the Amish (Amish). A man named Jacob Ammann lead the Swiss Mennonites, now called the Amish, to the United States of America and Canada (Origins). When the Amish settled in the United States the religion had its own ideas of how strict the religion should be. As groups of people began to split, different religious groups formed. The Old Order Amish are the strictest of the groups (Amish). In the religion the services are done in the homes. These homes are designed to be able to have a large group of people in them. There are members of the religion that half a higher position than normal members. There is a deacon, a bishop, and two preachers. The church is held on Sundays and the members of the church take turns on who will host the next service (BBC). The doctrine of the Amish teaches its members about farming and simplicity. The unwritten rules are called Ordnung. This unwritten set of rules is followed by everyone but if there is a question about them then the oldest members of the community will take up the position and make sure the rule is made clear. The religion teaches that individualism is not something important or to be proud of but that its better to be plain and simple. The Amish believe that God is happier when people take care of the world and remain pacifists. If anyone breaks these rules the person who is accused will be shunned until forgiveness has been offered (BBC). The clothing of the women in the Amish society consists of long plain dresses and bonnets (Amish). The women can also wear long sleeves and a full skirt with plain shoes. The women do not wear make-up. The mens clothing is of the same plainness as the womens. The men wear dark colored pants or trousers, braces, and straight-cut coats. The men are often seen with a wide brimmed hat sometimes made of straw. The children wear closely to the same clothing that the adults wear with the exception that they often go barefoot (BBC). The life of the Amish consists of no electrical uses in their homes. There are exceptions as dairy farmers have to comply to the religions. The electricity is only wired up to the barns and is not used but to continue as dairy farmers (BBC). Everything done by the Amish involved the help of the community as a whole. If a family needs a barn built the whole community comes together and helps build the barn and depending on the size, it can be put up in a few days or a few weeks (Origins). As the Amish practice separation from the modern world, they practice different languages. At home the families use a German based language called Pennsylvania Dutch. At church the Amish use a high German dialect. When speaking to a person that isnt Amish, or English, the use English (BBC). As tourism of Amish communities grows, Amish people are starting businesses to help make money. It has been noted that Amish businesses do better than U.S. businesses. Amish businessesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ are growing, prospering, and thriving. The Amish have low business failure rate, 4 percent a decade compared to the 70 percent failure rate of new U.S. businesses within their first three years of operation. This increase in business success rates could be the result of more tourism. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the Aurthur Vistor center recorded 29,114 visitsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Turco). Many Amish people have shops that consist of wood shops, selling craft such as quilts, selling fruits and vegetables, bakeries, restaurants, gift shops, and an open farmers market (Mink). Most of the businesses have 10 or fewer employees who are Amish. In some business it is completely ran by family members (Tenner). Most Amish families are farmers. They use horses, oxen, or mules to plow their fields. The machinery used cannot have rubber wheels but metal ones instead. Many of the Amish produce corn to feed the animals that they family will use for meat. Some of the meat may be sold at the markets and the hides of the animals are used to make leather goods. Some families may be smaller and that raise animals for their own consumption while other farms may be raising or growing the animals or crops to sell. The animals grown may be chickens, pork, beef, and lamb. Some major crops grown are corn and oats (BBC). Some farmers use pesticides, herbicides, and may use seeds that have been altered genetically (Tenner).Other farmers rely on nature to benefit them in the way that nature does. Farmers that use more traditional ways rely on birds to take care of their insect problems. the birds, you see, are our allies. Each year, the swallows kill thousands of insects over our fieldsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the Amish need the birds so they help them by building them nest and never tarring down the old nest. Some Amish believe by using horses rather than tractors, they are being closer to one with nature (Kline). The families in the Amish communities usually have an average of seven to eight children. The families never divorce and only marry other Amish. The Amish do not marry a first cousin and would prefer not marrying the second cousin either (BBC). The husbands are usually the ones that are responsible for bringing in the most money. They are usually the farmers and do the harder labored work in the barns and in the fields. Some men many have a change of roles and may do more of the gardening and house roles that most women would do (Amish Studies). The wives can be the bread winner in some cases because she may run a business. Most wives are stay at home moms that have the responsibilities of taking care of the children and doing task around the house. Most women do not have full time jobs because of their children. Women and men share the house hold decisions for the most part. The husband usually just makes religious decision and the wife is more active in nurturing the religion and making more household decisions (Amish Studies). The wives arent always busy with house chores. The Amish sisters have gatherings that mix everyday chores up. The group of women may get together and make quilts or have fun while harvesting vegetables. In a time of an emergency the community will come together to help the families. The wives will care for the children and the men will focus on more labored work. The elderly also help the families. The grandmothers will help baby sit and the grandfathers will help the other men with outside chores (Amish Studies). The childrens roles at home are chores around the farm such as feeding chickens and collecting the eggs and milking cows. The children go to school until 14 and 15 years old. A normal school has about 25 to 35 people in a one room schoolhouse. The material is taught in English and is usually taught by younger women (BBC). In the Amish schools text books are used and the teacher has the same education as an eighth grader (Halvorsen). The teachers have been taught by older more experienced Amish teachers. By the time an Amish girl is twelve years old she knows how to cook a meal for a whole crew of Amish workers, and a young man knows farm operations by the time he is a teenager. The Amish limit the education because after school the children learn the vocational skills (BBC). After they leave school Amish boys learn work skills such as farming and carpentry on the job, while Amish girls concentrate on practical domestic matters This remains true until the child turns 16 and goes through a period called Rumspringa. Rumspringa is when an Amish child is allowed to go out into the world to choose if he or she wants to go live there or wants to become a full Amish member. 90% decide to do so (BBC). The transportation of the Amish consists of simply horses and buggies. The Amish can take rides in someone elses car. For long distances, this is a good way for getting around. The Amish can hire someone to drive them to places if need be (BBC). Most stores have made hitching post and accommodations for the Amish. Amish friends, please clean up after your horse. A shovel and garbage can are provided (Mink). The life of the Amish is centered on their community, having strong family bonds, and living life with a simplicity that most modern people dont have. The Amish remind people of how things used to be and because of this the tourism in the Amish communities are growing. This doesnt change the roles of the people or their beliefs in their religion. The Amish live in peace and harmony with nature and themselves. Riley 7

john keats :: essays research papers

John’s mother took her husbands’ death very hard. She could no longer run the stable business that her husband ran for so many years. With these facts in place, Frances then looks to remarry to help run the business. Barely two months after her husbands’ death, she remarried a minor bank clerk named William Rawlings on June 27, 1804. William was a fortune hunter and the children did not like him at all. Mr. Rawlings did not care about anything but money during their marriage, which made the marriage an indefinite disaster. Upon the end of their ill-fated marriage John, along with his other siblings were sent to live with their grand parents, months later Frances moved in also. Frances also left Mr. Rawlings with the stables she inherited from her late husband Thomas, and from that day forward Frances health began to dwindle away.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The times up until know have been very hard on the Keats family, especially hard on the children, they only get worse as time goes on. The children loved being around their grandparents and living with them, they cared very deeply about them. On March 8, 1805, John Keats grandfather died of natural causes. With his death not only did grief and sorrow fill the families heart; his death also brought on a financial burden, which will seem to consume John for the rest of his life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This issue of money all began when Mr. Jennings, being the gullible person he was, hired a land surveyor, not a lawyer to write his will. The sneaky land developer intentionally made John’s grandfathers’ will to be extremely vague and ill written. Mr. Jennings real wishes were obscured and open to interpretation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The fight over shares in the estate began shortly after his death (and ended long after John Keats’ death).

Asturias Essay Essay

The concept of Celebrity and Fame are ones that affect relationships both positively and negatively. Fame refers to the state of being known by many people, and Celebrity is the noun for a famous person. The experiences and perspectives of celebrities who have gone through the process of Fame have all had their relationships affected by their status both positively and negatively – whether it is a celebrity’s relationship with corporations, the concept of Fame or their peers and rivals. This statement is supported by Brian Caswell’s novel _Asturias,_ Jay Z and Justin Timberlake’s song _Holy Grail,_ and Donna Rockwell’s article _’Fame is a Dangerous Drug: a phenomenal glimpse of celebrity†_ all showcase these arguments with textual evidence. In brief, textual evidence have been provided to establish the implications Fame present on a celebrity’s relationships. Corporate relationships with a celebrity are professional, but the effects of Fame on these relationships may force the bond to become personal. An example of a positive relationship between celebrities and a corporate figure is demonstrated through Asturias’ relationship with their manager, Max. This is exemplified through the use of comparison in Chapter 22, â€Å"These are people †¦ Kids. They’re not some ‘bottom line’ on a sales-report†. It outlines Max’s personal concern for the band – he overlooks the professional implications on the band’s/his career, worrying more about their well-being. On the contrary, the relationship between Asturias and Symonds, a distant but more powerful figure, is an example of a negative relationship between celebrities and corporate figures. For example, the use of objectification is expressed by Symonds in the same chapter, â€Å"They’re a product, for Christ’s sake! We made them, we can remake them.† This use of objectification takes away the Asturias’ human dignity and conveys Symonds’ negligence on the band’s well-being and emotional state, selfishly focusing on generating quick profit and securing his income and position on the ladder. In summary, the relationship between celebrities and corporations is a relationship that can either be based on nurturing and guiding said celebrity, or harshly exploiting/overworking them for high profits. Another factor that affects a relationship which is influenced by Fame is the  nature of Fame itself, and its connection with the celebrity. Fame has an influential nature that commonly consumes the celebrity ‘s identity; it requires attention at all times and occupies the subjects’ lifestyle, privacy and well-being – the thirst for fame can result in the subject being obsessive and wanting more, after having experienced the perks and benefits of becoming a celebrity. An example of how the implications of fame affect a person negatively is demonstrated through the use of rhetorical question, â€Å"Was he scared? Did he call out to me?† This use of rhetorical question was triggered by the event of Alex leaving Abuelito behind due to his priorities to the band, missing Abuelito’s peaceful demise – he was so caught up with his celebrity priorities that he didn’t even know how Abuelito passed away. In comparison, a positive opinion on this notion is stated through the use of motif, â€Å"The ride was every bit as exciting as they’d promised.† â€Å"The ride† is a motif found throughout the book, and refers to celebrity-hood – this statement expresses that despite the sacrifices in relationships, living famously is as exciting as it is perceived to be. This opinion can drive celebrities (or even non-celebrities) to work harder and be consistent, getting what they want constantly. The article strengthens this argument that albeit being aware of the negative implications of fame on its subject and their relationships, the subject still disregards these implications in order to keep pursuing the perks of Fame. This is exemplified through the use of figurative language, â€Å"the allure of wealth, †¦ keeps the famous person stuck in the perpetual need to keep their fame machine churning.† Through the use of figurative language, the author expresses the obsession of celebrities with fame, and how they tirelessly work through, neglecting their relationships on the way, their way to staying relevant. Therefore, these texts obviously overlook the negative aspect of fame, and focuses on the positive outcomes it may bring to its subject. Finally, through the use of a bridge, Justin Timberlake sings, â€Å"And you take the blade right out my heart, just so you can watch me bleed / And I still don’t know why, why I love you so much.† referring to his addiction with  being a celebrity – he overlooks the deeply negative impacts of Fame, and blindly craves for more which shows a celebrity’s obsessive relationship with Fame. Competition within the celebrity industry also affects relationships positively. These positive results a relationship gains from competition is exemplified through the use of colloquialism, â€Å"Enough sticks, it was time for carrot.† This use of colloquialism comes from working with donkeys, where sticks were used as force to get the donkey moving, whilst carrots were used as motivators to do the same thing: it’s basically referring to whether you use force or threats on someone to get them to do something or persuade and motivate them into doing something. In this case, it portrays Max’s security in his situation – he is so confident about negotiating with his competitor, Symonds, that he started with threatening him but knowing the man, he offered him a better deal that would get him fired meaning his liability would be taken away. Another example is presented in Holy Grail, where the use of personification is expressed, â€Å"Fuck the fame, keep cheating on me, what I do, I took her back.† This use of personification expresses the struggle with staying relevant as a celebrity as if it were an intimate relationship (when he says that Fame â€Å"cheats on him†, he is referring to whenever other celebrities get more attention than him as if Fame favoured them more). Initially a negative statement, he then goes on to say that he takes Fame back, which can be comprehended to mean that he is driven and motivated to success by his competition which makes it a positive statement as to say that he has gotten over the nature of fame, and learnt an effective way to cope with it. However, as celebrities become more immersed and competitive, they also become more jealous and greedy. This is best exemplified in Asturias through the use of the multiple narrators. The use of multiple narrators allows Tim to reflect, â€Å"Everyone shines in their own way, but one child shines brighter. In our â€Å"family†, that one was Alex. And I got to the stage where I couldn’t forgive him for it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Through this quote, it is clearly seen that Tim and Alex’s relationship was deteriorating because of Tim’s thirst for  attention and recognition: something only Fame had inflicted on him. Originally being a friendly person, his ego is slowly fed by his fans which made him envious of Alex’s vitality to the band. The article reinforces the negative effects of jealousy and greed through the use of metaphor, â€Å"I’ve been addicted to almost every substance known to man at one point or another, but the most addictive of them all was fame.† The metaphorical comparison between the concept of fame and illegal drugs suggest that fame evokes an unhealthy addiction within its subject – like how drugs detaches its user from their relationships and lifestyle and into addiction, fame does the same. Thus, these textual evidences outline the notion of fame detaching its subjects from their originally close relationships, through jealousy, thirst and greed. In conclusion, Fame is a concept that affects a celebrity’s relationship both positively and negatively – it merely depends on the situation the celebrity is in. The arguments of fame affecting corporate relationships, relationships with the actual concept of fame and relationships with peers and rivals during the pursuit of becoming famous are all provided with both the positive implications of these arguments, and the negative. These arguments are supported by Textual evidence from varying texts such as a novel, an audio text and an article. Overall, the textual evidence provided clearly demonstrate how Fame affects a celebrity’s relationships with their surroundings.

Free Essays on Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland

Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is a tale of a little girl who is trying to become an adult. She comes into many situations where being able to adapt is the only way that she will get by. She starts off slow but in the end she held the strength and composure to get through it all. The central theme of Alice’s adventures is her struggle to adapt to the rules of this new and strange world that she has fallen into. This is really Alice’s struggle to adapt to the strange rules and the behavior of adults. Out of nowhere a little white rabbit walks by. He is all worried that he will be late for his scheduled appointments. Just like a working adult would be in the adult world. The story starts off with Alice following the bunny down the hole. This shows Alice is still very childish because she has no clue where the hole will lead or if she will be stuck once she gets down there. Once she gets down into the hole she sees a lot of doors and one little small one. Then she sees a key which will only fit in the tiny door. She realizes that she will not fit into the door so she thinks that she is stuck. She looks on a close by table and grabs a little drink. She shows some signs of growing up by looking for a poison sign on it but then shows that she still has some maturing to do when she drinks out of a cup that is just sitting there. After drinking the cup she starts to shrink and she finally can fit through the little door. Then she remembers that she left the key on the table and cannot reach it. This shows how foolish children can be sometimes in their means to an end. Alice then sees a piece of cake with a sign that says eat me. She waits a little while and then becomes a giant. Her change in size and her thoughts of her own identity reflect the difficulties of growing up. The changes of her size could also suggest the sudden changes of puberty and the development of a wo... Free Essays on Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland Free Essays on Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is a tale of a little girl who is trying to become an adult. She comes into many situations where being able to adapt is the only way that she will get by. She starts off slow but in the end she held the strength and composure to get through it all. The central theme of Alice’s adventures is her struggle to adapt to the rules of this new and strange world that she has fallen into. This is really Alice’s struggle to adapt to the strange rules and the behavior of adults. Out of nowhere a little white rabbit walks by. He is all worried that he will be late for his scheduled appointments. Just like a working adult would be in the adult world. The story starts off with Alice following the bunny down the hole. This shows Alice is still very childish because she has no clue where the hole will lead or if she will be stuck once she gets down there. Once she gets down into the hole she sees a lot of doors and one little small one. Then she sees a key which will only fit in the tiny door. She realizes that she will not fit into the door so she thinks that she is stuck. She looks on a close by table and grabs a little drink. She shows some signs of growing up by looking for a poison sign on it but then shows that she still has some maturing to do when she drinks out of a cup that is just sitting there. After drinking the cup she starts to shrink and she finally can fit through the little door. Then she remembers that she left the key on the table and cannot reach it. This shows how foolish children can be sometimes in their means to an end. Alice then sees a piece of cake with a sign that says eat me. She waits a little while and then becomes a giant. Her change in size and her thoughts of her own identity reflect the difficulties of growing up. The changes of her size could also suggest the sudden changes of puberty and the development of a wo...

Fahrenheit 451 and Brave New World Essay Research Paper Example

Fahrenheit 451 and Brave New World Essay Research Paper Example Fahrenheit 451 and Brave New World Essay Paper Fahrenheit 451 and Brave New World Essay Paper Essay Topic: Brave New World Fahrenheit 451 Fahrenheit 451. by Ray Bradbury is a futuristic position of a society and its people’s functions. This prophetic novel. first written and published in the early 1950s. is set in a hereafter where books. and the thoughts they represent and manifest. are burned to forestall breaks in society. Furthermore. Television is everyone’s drug of pick. and independent thought is fundamentally illegal. Its cardinal character. Guy Montag. is a fireman responsible to that society for guaranting those combustions takes topographic point. but an unexpected concatenation of events leads him to oppugn both himself and the society in which he lives. Bradbury employs the extravagancy of life today. In add-on to the promotion in engineering and legion businesss. in order to demo how life would go if the hereafter drastically turns for the worse. In future universe of Bradbury there are dry reversals of functions for people and things that one would hold one time take n comfort in. such as the function of the fireman. or the nature of a Canis familiaris. Aldous Huxley besides uses a similar construct. a society that is out of control. in his book Brave New World. which deals with a adult male life in a changed society. Brave New World by Aldous Huxley Published in 1932. is a futuristic society in which the person is sacrificed for the province. scientific discipline is used to command and repress. and all signifiers of art and history are outlawed. In short. the book fits into the authoritative cast of â€Å"dystopian† literature. Huxley expects his readers to see the function of scientific discipline and literature of the future universe. Unlike Fahrenheit 451. Weather New World includes a group of people unaffected by the changes in society. a group that holds spiritual beliefs and matrimony. to compare and contrast today’s life style to the proposed life style of the hereafter. One subject that both Brave New World and Fahrenheit 451 portion is of single find by rejecting a inactive attack to life and dystopian society. In Brave New World the chief characters the â€Å"Savage† John and Bernard Marx finally recognize the mistakes within their ain civilization. Guy Montag. the supporter in Fahrenheit 451. starts to recognize that society could be better. but due to some events that are out of controlled by advanced engineerings. small value placed on the importance of relationships between people and the prohibition of reading books. Montag is forced out on his ain. losing from society. to popul ate his life with others like himself who have similar beliefs toward society. Marx. from a civilised civilization. inquiries why his society lacks history. He wonders why his society lacks books and why they were banned merely because they are old and purportedly is non an encouragement to the new civilization. : By visited a reserve. a place of an â€Å"uncivilized† civilization for barbarians. Marx is able to see first-hand information of how life and society usage to be. Later he tries to unite some of what he saw into his work as an advertisement agent. From this contrast with the other civilization. Marx realizes more approximately himself every bit good. His position of things that confused him became more understanding. In â€Å"Brave New World† the citizens who are lucky plenty to be in a higher category enjoy a assortment of pleasances from a drug called Soma to sex with multiple spouses. What is alone about the society in â€Å"Brave New World† is that the struggle can non be discerned unless one digs deeper into the interior workings of the society. When that is accomplished one realizes that the society is built on the utmost positions. such as abolition of faith. that are merely theoretical in our clip but are practical in the novel. One of the most noteworth y facets of the novel is its usage of scientific constructs. The society in the novel has become so reliant on scientific discipline and engineering that they have replaced the biological procedure of kid birth with a more mechanised assembly line type of system. John. frequently referred to as â€Å"the Savage† because he was able to go forth the reserve with Marx to travel to London. besides has a difficult clip seting to the drastic alterations. The boy of two members of the modern society was born and raised on the reserve but. he learned from his female parent the values and the imposts of the â€Å"civilized† universe while populating in a alone civilization. These constructs. human reaction to alterations in their civilization and inquiring of these alterations. are apparent throughout the book. Huxley’s characters either conform to society’s demands for uniformity or Rebel or get down a procedure of find ; there are no people in the center. Huxley makes his ain positions of adult male and society evident. He shows that those who conform to the â€Å"new world† become less human. but those who actively question the new values of society realize the truth about society and people in general. An illustration of this is Huxley’s positions of drugs as an flight. The conforming members of society used widely a drug called haoma. which induces hallucinations and flights from the witting unive rse for two to eight hr periods. Those really few who did non. John included. did non because they thought the drug either dirty or an easy flight. one non needed in a society taking at doing life really simple. By declining to follow in this flight from world. John is finally able to interrupt from society and specify his ain fate. Alike Brave New World. Fahrenheit 451 portions a similar subject of a character lost in his society. As Montag live his life he begins to recognize things that he didn’t know existed and later is able to see through the authorities and the official policies of his society. He does so by bit by bit get downing to oppugn facet of society. which most people merely accept as fact. Montag’s occupation as a fireman serves as a scene to demo how people passively accept the absurdness of their society. Alternatively of hotfooting to set out fires. as firemen do today. Montag rushes to get down fires. firing the books and places of people reported to hold books. This was considered by most people to be a respectable profession. But on different occasions Montag took a book out of firing places and want from clip to clip to read them. From this. he begins to oppugn the values of his society. Fahrenheit 451 besides relates to Weather New World with the construct when characters escape from world through the usage of haoma. Montag’s married woman. and many other characters. flight through watching a sophisticated signifier of telecasting. This telecasting system covers three of the walls of the Montag’s Television has a control unit that allows the spectators to interact with the characters on the plan. Another unit inserts Mrs. Montag’s name into specific topographic points. therefore making the image they the characters are really discoursing with her. Montag’s married woman. holding merely a few friends that she seldom sees. spends much of her twenty-four hours in this room. watching a plan called â€Å"The Family. † This plan was a authorities sponsored plan that showed the viewing audiences what life at place should be like. Furthermore in Fahrenheit 451. the job that Montagâ €™s married woman takes the plan as a replacement for world. She is about addicted to the plan. much as people were with haoma in Brave New World. Bradbury uses this telecasting and its plans as a manner of demoing the flight he is disquieted people will look for in the hereafter. Without actively oppugning society’s values. he is concerned that people will look for ways to lazily pass their clip. But like Marx. Montag chooses non to take portion in this dependence. By forbearing. he can see the affects it’s usage has on the people around him. much as Marx and more significantly John the Savage saw in their civilization. While sharing many similarities therefore the have many differences. For case. Montag’s society is used to invariably being at war. Even though the wars last merely a twenty-four hours or less. they serve as an component of control for the opinion group and as another technological show. In contrast. Brave New World’s society characteristics â€Å"peace. † The dwellers have been conditioned to believe that mindless pleasance seeking and stableness are cardinal to happiness. They view the accountants as taking attention of them and forestalling â€Å"unpleasantness† such as war. In true Bradbury manner. Fahrenheit 451 warns more against the dangers of an overdependence on engineering than it does against overreaching authoriti ess. Brave New World does have engineering being used to command. but Huxley seems to be more concerned with lighting how regnant parties obtain and maintain power through a assortment of methods. While the terminations of both novels mirror the decisions of other dystopian plants. they are rather different from one another. Fahrenheit 451 concludes with reserved optimism. Montag has managed to get away Captain Beatty and the hound and even the devastation of the metropolis and begins his life with the likeminded â€Å"Book People. † In Brave New World. John can non populate within the confines of his society and commits self-destruction. Both writers try to demo that with life made easier by strong authorities control and a deficiency of personal engagement people will no longer pass their clip thought. oppugning or developing their ain thoughts. Through these assorted recreations from normal behaviour in society. Marx. John the Savage and Guy Montag are able to see the truths behind the societies they live in and are able to larn about themselves. And though their finds meant that their lives would be changed everlastingly. the writers succeeded in demoing that the ke y to humanity prevarications in thought and oppugning. These work forces found themselves through their ain finds. much as Bradbury and Huxley hope others will make.

Extraordinary Man essays

Extraordinary Man essays Before dreams were a science they were used in literature. Before Sigmund Freud there was Fyodor Dostoevsky who used dreams to give a point of view of his own regarding Raskolnikov and his opinion that he was superior to other humans, as well as to show the dual nature of the character Raskolnikov in his novel Crime and Punishment. Through the entire novel FD entraps the reader into a world in which most will never be familiar with, the mind of a murderer. The incredible way FD portrays his murderer is that he gives an insight from the outside of a man who is by no means a true killer. From the way Raskolnikov acts and thinks the reader can infer he is by no means a person of violence. Indeed, he is in question of himself (as he always is) of the killings before he commits the murders due to the fact that he did not want to commit the actual deed itself, not the fact that he would be killing another person. FD allows his audience to truly feel the pain and suffering of a man who once felt he was on top of the world and his demise through many torturous realities which he finally comes to realize as the truth. The truth which can evidently be seen in Raskolnikovs final dream puts a final rest to the theory of which he held in such I esteem. While putting his theme to rest his dreams also show how he is two-faced in a sense; his personality is quite dual natured. Raskolnikov is a man who undergoes much psychological tension throughout the novel. He feels that he indeed is an extraordinary man, and that events, as well as everything else, around him revolves around him. His theory which in basic terms state that, an extraordinary man is above the law and ... an 'extraordinary' man has the right... that is not an official right, but an inner right to decide in his own conscience to overstep... certain obstacles, and only in case it is essential for the practical fulfillment of his idea (sometimes, perhaps, of ...

National health care policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

National health care policy - Essay Example As such, the White Paper, Our health, our care, our say: A new direction for community service (Department of Health, 2006a) aims to put in place the structure required to achieve these goals. Importantly, this particular health policy identifies and explains a comprehensive and integrated framework to adapt community health and social care services to the UK community of the 21st century (Thomas, 2005). Ultimately, the document seeks to support a patient-centred approach and in doing so increase the standards of quality service across the national health system. The integration of health delivery services will enable the diverse range of care organisations to provide convenient, comfortable and high-value care that will meet the communities immediate, and long-term needs. This paper aims to critically review the social health care policy of Our health, our care, our say in regards to the contribution of nursing. Firstly, the White Paper shall be more fully described. Secondly, the political, financial and social drives behind this policy shall be identified. Thirdly, the concept of clinical governance shall be explained. Next, the tensions between health care providers and the users of these services briefly outlined. The roles and skills required of nurses within the integrated NHS will then be established. And the roles of other multi-disciplines and agencies shall be provided. Finally, a conclusion shall reiterate the main arguments and show the vital need for nurses to support the implementation of this White Paper.Our health, our care, our say: A new direction for community service The White Paper, Our health, our care, our say, is part of the NHS plan to create a world-class health and social-care system (Department of Health, 2006a). This document is just one element of the present Government's long-term and nation-wide reform programme to provide services that place the patient at the centre of the healing process, rather than the traditional model that has required the patient to fit with the services available. The framework provisions the patient and other end-users of health care services, with more control. Also, the policy makes services more responsive to the needs of the community, especially people who require more complex care plans, as well as to enable services to be accessed at amore local level, by way of integrating the diverse service providers available. An example of some of the services within the community that will be integrated include: home-care and other health visitors, GPs and family planning centres, day and short-break centres, m ental health agencies, family planning and pharmacies, meals on wheels and social workers, general and community hospitals, PCTs and local council authorities. Overall, the changes enable better value for public money, as a procedure that occurs in primary care can be up to one-third of the cost of secondary care.The legislation sets new standards for an integrated delivery of health and social care services to the community (Department of Health, 2006b). The NHS has determined that integration is a critical way to reduce the waste of resources whilst providing a standardized approach to service delivery across the nation. In July, 2002, it was determined that funding for health and social care resources would be pooled to encourage the diverse range of service providers to establish partnerships

Climate Change essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Climate Change - Essay Example The difference between the climate change that takes place over long geographical periods and the present climate change brought about by global warming is that whilst the former is a natural phenomenon, the latter is anthropogenic or man-made in origin. The earth’s temperature is the product of a ping-pong game between the sun and the earth. The sun constantly and continuously gives off energy in the form of sunlight and radiates it to the earth’s atmosphere. The solar energy that touches the earth’s atmosphere is either absorbed by some of the earth’s particles or transmitted. The heat that reaches the earth’s surface is then emitted back to the atmosphere as infrared radiation. However, not all of the infrared radiation successfully passes out of the earth’s atmosphere because some atmospheric components absorbs and therefore prevents infrared radiation from entirely leaving the atmosphere, The trapped heat is then eventually reradiates back to the earth’s surface (see Fig. 1). Such heat-trapping components are called greenhouse gases and the process of absorbing, trapping and reradiating infrared heat to the earth’s surface is called the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse ef fect is what sustains life on earth because without it earth would be more than 30Â °C colder than what it should be and therefore, inhabitable by humans, animals and plants. The present global warming is attributed to the more than usual amount of heat trapped and reradiated back by the greenhouses gases to the earth’s surfacea (Great Britain: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 2006 8; Ebbing & Gammon 210; Hardy 2003 3). There are two classifications of gases found in the earth’s atmosphere: the primary gases made up of nitrogen, oxygen and argon which make up 99% of the gases, and; the trace gases like carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOX),

Criminal Conviction Rate in England Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Criminal Conviction Rate in England - Essay Example ter than 90% conviction rate and 85% negotiated pleas, it would appear that the English judicial system delivers justice at an acceptably speedy rate and therefore has fewer number of detainees on remand awaiting trial for an inordinate number of years. However, the judicial process still takes considerable time and questions arising over the denial of the right to trial within a reasonable time remain relevant. Strong criticisms on how the British government handles terrorism-related cases have been expressed in more recent times. For instance, in 2004, the British House of Lords took exception to the way the government took inordinately long periods of time to deal with terrorism cases2. According to data released by the Ministry of Justice, there has been a general decline in the rate of convictions over the past decade. This is deducible from figure1, which is a graphical representation of the conviction rate in England and Wales for the decade between 2002 and 2012. Figure 1 demonstrates that convictions were low in 2002 but dramatically increased to peak in 2004. Nonetheless, from 2004 to 2012 the convictions continued to decrease with a slight increase between 2008 and 2009 during the global financial crisis, but nevertheless continued on a downward trajectory thereafter, reaching the bottom at roughly 1.2 million convictions in 2012. Based on the figures delineated in Table 1, it appears that there was a statistically significant decline in the number of persons coming into contact with the judicial system for the years 2011 and 2012. These figures include prosecuted cases and control for cases that were settled out-of-court. For 2011, 2.03 persons came into contact with the judicial system which is 8.4% higher than the numbers for the year 2012. These statistics were drawn-off the 13 % fall in out of court settlements from 444,441 persons to 386, 95756, as well as the 7.1 % downfall from 1,583,373 to 1,471, 304 in the defendants proceeding to court

An aging report - visiting the elderly Coursework

An aging report - visiting the elderly - Coursework Example I had interviewed an elderly male, 75 years old, widowed and still mobile with minimal assistance, living in an apartment with his son. Due to confidentiality of information, client’s identity was not stated.He does not take a bath everyday for he feels cold although he wanted to.He believed taking a bath everyday would actually help alleviate the roughness of his skin.When permission was sought to see his bed room for observation purposes Client X wore loose and free-flowing white t-shirt and pajamas. He indicated that his sleeping position needed frequent changing as advised by his doctor to avoid pressure sores. Likewise, it was also recommended to massage his bony prominences. Observing his physical appearance, one noticed that his nails were properly trimmed, he wore eyeglasses and dentures. Based on the following observations, the physical status and appearance of the client manifested changes expected of an elderly (Udan, 8). He can take care of his personal needs excep t in urination and meal preparation. His son’s wife provides him meals. He strongly believes that his wellness is due to his son’s commitment to bring him to the clinic for regular check-up. Expressing his outlook verbally was a difficult task for him. He revealed that lots of people feel bored because he spoke slowly. Aside from that, some people had to repeat their words or shout because of hearing impairment. As a consequence, I was advised to put some of my instructions in writing. When asked about his plans for the future, he projected a melancholy appearance as he averred, â€Å"I think there’s no future left for me. At this age, I only think of the time when I can no longer be with my son. Of course, everybody fears death. And if there’s something I dream and hope for, that is to see my grandchildren before I die and for my son’s family to have a better life.† Then, we talked about his activities and lifestyle for a week. He said that it is very routine and predictable. During weekdays, he would go out with his son in the morning to exercise his feet and legs. After that, they would go back to their house and spend the day for preparing for diverse tasks such as watching television shows, doing easy exercises, reading and undergoing light but entertaining activities that would enhance mental and motor skills. At night, he sleeps early but the quality of sleep is light, intermittent, with frequent waking. On Sundays, he looks forward to attending mass and sharing special dinner with his son’s family. With these activities, going out without a companion could not be possible because walking through the transportation area tires him a lot. Although he needed assistance in terms of mobility, he was never inactive. He also stated that in his age, he considered himself healthy. A wellness center for the elderly within the community assists in his health care. Using the five dimensions of person model, certain n eeds that an elderly should meet (Udan, 11-13) were proffered and manifested by Client X. Under physical dimension, Client X accepted that having gray hair and wrinkles were normal parts of aging. He acknowledged looking old and have learned to accept that fact. His strength and stamina decreased; most of the time, he needed assistance. â€Å"I told you before that I have difficulty hearing, but it doesn’t stop me from expressing my ideas,† he stated. Client X understood the risks of being prone to different diseases involving the vital organs (e.g., pneumonia, diabetes, kidney diseases) that rationalized regular check-ups and observing preventive measures. In terms of intellectual dimension, the client manifested the ability to remember. There were some lapses but he managed using a calendar note to assist in doing tasks. He acknowledged to have the ability to solve problems, make decisions despite being aware that learning new information takes time. â€Å"

What Might Succession Be A Critical Point in the Development of the Essay

What Might Succession Be A Critical Point in the Development of the Family Owned-And-Managed SME - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the family-owned small and medium-sized enterprises are the commercial organization that is related by marriage or blood and resolution creation is entirely influenced by several family generations. It is believed to be the oldest system of business organization that has advantages of commitment to quality and focuses in long term. It is critical for understanding circumstances that leads to unhealthy and healthy family SME. The family-owned SME is considered as common and oldest model of economic business organization. There are a massive majority of companies from multinational listed and corner shop listed administrations that can be regarded as the family owned small and medium-sized enterprises. The five critical points that involve at the development of family businesses are social capital, human capital, patient financial capital, low cost of governance and survivability capital. The inner circle and human capital are considered as the first resource and the primary element. In the form of external relationships and networking, the valuable social capital has been brought by the family members. The threat of liquidation is lessened by effective family relationships with managers and investors. The firms have an opportunity to provide emergency loans and free labor for survivability capital of their family members. In perspective to infrastructure dimension, the strengths of family firms are innovative, informal, entrepreneurial and flexible. The organizational structure is believed to be effective and simple. This is primarily because the hierarchical position of family-owned SME is simple. Family members have the better understanding of each other. This enables to family businesses to expand globally. Most of the family-owned small and medium-sized enterprises are considered to have compact informal training. The mixture of younger and older individuals adds something new to the family business operation. The family members involved in SME are believed to be more committed to help a business grow and survive. The employee relations for family businesses are better.

Global International Markets Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Global International Markets - Research Paper Example According to Wensley, global strategic market is â€Å"initiating, negotiating, and managing acceptable exchange relationships with key interests groups or constituencies, in the pursuit of sustainable competitive advantage within specific markets, on the basis of long run consumer, channel and other stakeholder franchise† (Wensley, 1982). The Wal-Mart Wal-Mart is one of the largest retail stores chain in the world and was established in 1962. On the basis of the strategic perspective, the Wal-Mart is structured into three main segments namely, Wal-Mart United States, Sam’s Club and Wal-Mart International. According to the statistical report of the company, in 2011, the Wal-Mart’s revenues constitute up to about three-fifth of the United States market. The web portal, Wal-Mart.com also contributes heavily to the total turnover of the company, constituting nearly 8% of the total revue through online retail operations (Wal-Mart 2011). Today, the company operates th eir business in over 15 countries, accounting for 25% of their net sales. Their selling policy includes promotion techniques of discounting outlets, restaurants, superstores, retail stores and multiple formats of outlets, to gain the maximum satisfaction of their customers especially in countries like China and Japan. The retail and online operations of the Sam’s club contributes about 10.5% in terms of annual revenues to the company. Moreover, the company holds the top position for employing over 2.1 million people, which remains bigger than all other major retailers (Carrefour, Tesco and Metro AG) put together (Wal-Mart 2009).Besides, the company functions nearly 3000 superstores, 720 discount outlets, and more than 600 Sam’s Club outlets in the United States. Globalization of Markets Globalization of Markets refers to the integration of national markets into one large global marketplace. Today international trade has become much easier as the hurdles of crossing the borders for trade is eradicated. All companies like to offer a standard product worldwide. However, there are considerable variances existing among each market such as, consumer tastes and preferences, cultural variations, and legal regulations. Such variations in the international market make a company to adopt strategies that may match with the conditions of a country’s market. Wall-Mart may still require diversifying their products across each country according the local tastes and preferences. Globalization of production The term globalization of production is associated with sourcing of goods and services from various locations across the globe while taking advantage of the variations in cost and quality of factors of production across the regions. Here, Wal-Mart operates over 4200 outlets in the global markets and which constitutes a quarter of its annual revenues. Its efficiently running primary retailer markets like Mexico and Canada enhance a fast market expansion a cross South America, Africa and Asia (Wal-Mart 2009). Driving Forces There are various drivers of globalization in the global marketplace. When a company becomes subject to these forces, they practically become candidates for globalization. The major driving forces of globalization are; technological advances, global economic growth, converging market needs and wants, pressure to improve quality, opportunities for

An aging report - visiting the elderly Coursework

An aging report - visiting the elderly - Coursework Example I had interviewed an elderly male, 75 years old, widowed and still mobile with minimal assistance, living in an apartment with his son. Due to confidentiality of information, client’s identity was not stated.He does not take a bath everyday for he feels cold although he wanted to.He believed taking a bath everyday would actually help alleviate the roughness of his skin.When permission was sought to see his bed room for observation purposes Client X wore loose and free-flowing white t-shirt and pajamas. He indicated that his sleeping position needed frequent changing as advised by his doctor to avoid pressure sores. Likewise, it was also recommended to massage his bony prominences. Observing his physical appearance, one noticed that his nails were properly trimmed, he wore eyeglasses and dentures. Based on the following observations, the physical status and appearance of the client manifested changes expected of an elderly (Udan, 8). He can take care of his personal needs excep t in urination and meal preparation. His son’s wife provides him meals. He strongly believes that his wellness is due to his son’s commitment to bring him to the clinic for regular check-up. Expressing his outlook verbally was a difficult task for him. He revealed that lots of people feel bored because he spoke slowly. Aside from that, some people had to repeat their words or shout because of hearing impairment. As a consequence, I was advised to put some of my instructions in writing. When asked about his plans for the future, he projected a melancholy appearance as he averred, â€Å"I think there’s no future left for me. At this age, I only think of the time when I can no longer be with my son. Of course, everybody fears death. And if there’s something I dream and hope for, that is to see my grandchildren before I die and for my son’s family to have a better life.† Then, we talked about his activities and lifestyle for a week. He said that it is very routine and predictable. During weekdays, he would go out with his son in the morning to exercise his feet and legs. After that, they would go back to their house and spend the day for preparing for diverse tasks such as watching television shows, doing easy exercises, reading and undergoing light but entertaining activities that would enhance mental and motor skills. At night, he sleeps early but the quality of sleep is light, intermittent, with frequent waking. On Sundays, he looks forward to attending mass and sharing special dinner with his son’s family. With these activities, going out without a companion could not be possible because walking through the transportation area tires him a lot. Although he needed assistance in terms of mobility, he was never inactive. He also stated that in his age, he considered himself healthy. A wellness center for the elderly within the community assists in his health care. Using the five dimensions of person model, certain n eeds that an elderly should meet (Udan, 11-13) were proffered and manifested by Client X. Under physical dimension, Client X accepted that having gray hair and wrinkles were normal parts of aging. He acknowledged looking old and have learned to accept that fact. His strength and stamina decreased; most of the time, he needed assistance. â€Å"I told you before that I have difficulty hearing, but it doesn’t stop me from expressing my ideas,† he stated. Client X understood the risks of being prone to different diseases involving the vital organs (e.g., pneumonia, diabetes, kidney diseases) that rationalized regular check-ups and observing preventive measures. In terms of intellectual dimension, the client manifested the ability to remember. There were some lapses but he managed using a calendar note to assist in doing tasks. He acknowledged to have the ability to solve problems, make decisions despite being aware that learning new information takes time. â€Å"

Global International Markets Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Global International Markets - Research Paper Example According to Wensley, global strategic market is â€Å"initiating, negotiating, and managing acceptable exchange relationships with key interests groups or constituencies, in the pursuit of sustainable competitive advantage within specific markets, on the basis of long run consumer, channel and other stakeholder franchise† (Wensley, 1982). The Wal-Mart Wal-Mart is one of the largest retail stores chain in the world and was established in 1962. On the basis of the strategic perspective, the Wal-Mart is structured into three main segments namely, Wal-Mart United States, Sam’s Club and Wal-Mart International. According to the statistical report of the company, in 2011, the Wal-Mart’s revenues constitute up to about three-fifth of the United States market. The web portal, Wal-Mart.com also contributes heavily to the total turnover of the company, constituting nearly 8% of the total revue through online retail operations (Wal-Mart 2011). Today, the company operates th eir business in over 15 countries, accounting for 25% of their net sales. Their selling policy includes promotion techniques of discounting outlets, restaurants, superstores, retail stores and multiple formats of outlets, to gain the maximum satisfaction of their customers especially in countries like China and Japan. The retail and online operations of the Sam’s club contributes about 10.5% in terms of annual revenues to the company. Moreover, the company holds the top position for employing over 2.1 million people, which remains bigger than all other major retailers (Carrefour, Tesco and Metro AG) put together (Wal-Mart 2009).Besides, the company functions nearly 3000 superstores, 720 discount outlets, and more than 600 Sam’s Club outlets in the United States. Globalization of Markets Globalization of Markets refers to the integration of national markets into one large global marketplace. Today international trade has become much easier as the hurdles of crossing the borders for trade is eradicated. All companies like to offer a standard product worldwide. However, there are considerable variances existing among each market such as, consumer tastes and preferences, cultural variations, and legal regulations. Such variations in the international market make a company to adopt strategies that may match with the conditions of a country’s market. Wall-Mart may still require diversifying their products across each country according the local tastes and preferences. Globalization of production The term globalization of production is associated with sourcing of goods and services from various locations across the globe while taking advantage of the variations in cost and quality of factors of production across the regions. Here, Wal-Mart operates over 4200 outlets in the global markets and which constitutes a quarter of its annual revenues. Its efficiently running primary retailer markets like Mexico and Canada enhance a fast market expansion a cross South America, Africa and Asia (Wal-Mart 2009). Driving Forces There are various drivers of globalization in the global marketplace. When a company becomes subject to these forces, they practically become candidates for globalization. The major driving forces of globalization are; technological advances, global economic growth, converging market needs and wants, pressure to improve quality, opportunities for

Marketing Energy Drinks to Americas Youth Essay Example for Free

Marketing Energy Drinks to Americas Youth Essay As I started collecting information for this paper, I soon realized that the energy drink industry is a very small (18 percent) part of the beverage industry, but a very dominant part to say the least. Interestingly, the major players in the industry, Monster Energy, Red Bull, and Rockstar, have intentionally veered away from the conventional mediums used to promote products. They instead have chosen marketing mediums that appeal more to their target markets and the â€Å"live life on the edge† lifestyles that they live. Monster for example, shies away from mass market advertising; instead they focus all of their sales efforts and marketing muscle on sponsoring action sports athletes, artists and musical, events and tours. All of this ties in with the company’s overall philosophy that Monster isn’t just a beverage, but a lifestyle brand (Landi). â€Å"The key is for us (Monster) to retain what we do best, which is marketing in an unconventional way and keep that feel for the brand,† said Rodney Sacks, CEO of Hansen Natural Corp. â€Å"Monster is all about action sports, punk rock music, partying, girls, and living life on the edge† (Landi). The companies that produce energy drinks are using the current popularity of action sports such as motocross, skateboarding, BMX, etc. , to showcase their products and to further brand awareness. It’s not coincidental that the demographic that participates in these sports and idolizes its professional athletes are also the same demographic that consumes energy drinks. You’ll see very few TV commercials or print ads promoting energy drinks but when you turn on the ESPN produced X-Games, just about every athlete participating is sponsored by Red Bull, Monster, or Rockstar. John Lee, director of sports marketing for Monster Energy Drink says, â€Å"We don’t do print ads or television. We strictly have promoted our brand through athletes and the events that the athletes compete in. † With our current generation (Gen – Y) of young Americans being the first to really grow up with the Web, it is important for marketeers to embrace the use of the internet as a vital marketing tool and communication medium (Ness). â€Å"This group has a lot of lifetime ahead of them and that makes their Lifetime Value (LTV) high for marketers,† says Greg Ness, Chief Strategy Officer, Burst Media. Ness was also quick to point out that, â€Å"one-third of current college students spend 10 or more hours online per week and one-fifth spend 20 hours or more online. † Ness concludes, â€Å"Their time online exceeds the amount of time they are spending watching TV or listening to the radio. † Monster has recently starting using the internet as a recruiting / marketing tool of sorts when they introduced the â€Å"Monster Army. † The Army is a â€Å"grassroots marketing outreach community that also locates up-and-coming athletes seeking sponsorship opportunities† (Campanelli). In the past few years, more than 50,000 athletes (recruits) have signed up as members of the Monster Army where more than 1,000 of them are currently sponsored through the program. â€Å"It’s been a very successful program, our Army members are out there spreading the word about our products, telling ten of their friends who in turn tell ten of their friends, it’s a snowball effect† (Lee). In addition Monster has also recently announced an exclusive relationship with the Loop’d Network, a social media platform exclusively for online sports communities. The Loop’d Network currently boasts more than 200,000 members worldwide (Campanelli). The history of energy drinks is much deeper than most would imagine. Japan is credited for pioneering the energy drink phenomenon, but the first mass produced energy drink was called Lucozade, and was launched in 1929, in the UK (Research Wikis). It wasn’t until Red Bull, which was first launched in 1987, and introduced the United States to the world of energy drinks a decade later that the energy drink industry really took off (Reuters). Red Bull might have had the first big impact on the market in 1997, but Monster, launched in 2002, by Hansen Natural Corp. has clearly made a strong impression on the market. With its initial market share of 12 percent in 2003, Monster now has a 30 percent hold on the market while Red Bull maintains 25 percent (Reuters). Past portrayals of energy drinks were for the most part all negative as energy drinks are not regulated by the FDA and most contain large amounts of sugar, sodium, and caffeine, among other things. Some brands and flavors have a caffeine content that can range from a modest 50 mg. to an alarming 505 mg. per can (Reissig). For example, an 8. 3 oz. can of Red Bull contains 76 mg. of caffeine which is about twice what a 12 oz.can of Coke contains (LeBlanc). A 16 oz. can of Monster contains about 14 teaspoons of sugar and 200 calories (LeBlanc). So what are all of these â€Å"negative† energy boosting drinks doing to our bodies? A recent study done by Wayne State University in Detroit showed that consumption of energy drinks increased blood pressure and heart rate levels in healthy adults that drank two cans a day (LeBlanc). With all of those negative aspects there must be something good in energy drinks. There is a long list of beneficial ingredients that can be found in most of the energy drinks on the market today. They include; vitamin B-complex, antioxidant vitamins C and E, the amino acid taurine, bee pollen, inositol, glucuronolactone, and herbal extracts from ginseng, guarana, ginkgo biloba, horny goat weed, milk thistle, yerba mate, damiana, rosemary, skullcap, black seed, royal jelly, and white willow, among others (Berry). The overall benefits that energy drinks are said to produce include stress relief, sobering effects, an improved love life, increased stamina, sharper reflexes, heightened alertness, virility, and they’ll stimulate your metabolism (Berry). The demographic that energy drink companies are after is rather broad. While their number one consumer fits the description of a young white male between the ages of 16 to 25, energy drink companies are broadening their marketing horizons and are now looking at men, women, and children between the ages of 12 and 40 (LeBlanc). â€Å"Younger kids see drinking energy drinks as something their parents might disapprove of,† says Jim Karwowski of Power Brands. A market that has yet to be fully tapped into is the female consumer. While the number of female consumers has grown 74 percent over the last five years, women are still considered the minority population when it comes to energy drinkers. Almost 20 percent of men say they drink energy drinks while only 10 percent of women say they do (Francella). I’ll be using information gathered from a number of different research papers as well as reports produced from beverage industry insiders to substantiate my findings on the marketing techniques being used to lure America’s youth into becoming loyal consumers. Method: During this study I coded 60 magazines. I reviewed issues of Racer X Illustrated and Motocross Action Magazine looking for ads from energy drink companies. My goal was to find print ads directly from the energy drink companies themselves that promoted their product. Once found (if found), I would evaluate what the ad was about and what demographic the ad was targeting. I watched and coded 10 TV commercials (via YouTube) in an attempt to figure out if the messages shown were directed towards a particular market. The only â€Å"corporate made† TV commercials I was able to find were from Red Bull and Rockstar. I found a variety of homemade Monster commercials but none that would have been endorsed by the corporate office. With Red Bull, four of the ads were animated and four were of Red Bull sponsored athletes. The two Rockstar commercials were based around music, one having a more psychedelic look while the other had a guitar player helping a stranded woman. My goal here was to evaluate what the ads were about and what demographic the ads was intended for. I reviewed and coded four web sites, three from energy drink companies and one from an action sports promotion company. My objective while evaluating these sites was to see what groups of people, whether it was men or women, and what age range was the information intended for. I found a vast amount of information to dissect and code from companies that are within the beverage industry. These are companies that do product reviews, market analysis, and product introductions, among other things. Two common messages that I repeatedly found in these articles revolved around college kids using energy drinks to mix with alcohol and the overall abuse of energy drinks. My objective here was to get an idea of how many college kids fall into one of these two groups. Although my options were limited due to a lack of documentation from other academic researchers, I was able to find, evaluate, and code information from four other academic research papers. I was able to find these documents after an exhaustive search using Lexis Nexis, Psychinfo, and the Social Science Citation Index via the Joyner Library. I came across a huge inventory of other academic research papers that were based on similar subjects, but to gain access to more than the first paragraph I would have had to sign up for subscriptions and pay fees. I’m hoping that my frugalness will not negatively impact my grade and hope the information that I was able to obtain and evaluate will satisfy the requirements of this paper. While evaluating and coding the different mediums I looked at the overall tone of the material. Was the tone very harsh and bold, which would possibly be directed more towards college aged males? Was the tone very light hearted and fun which would be more appealing to a younger population and/or women? Or lastly, did the ad have some sexual overtones and innuendos which could either be directed at young men or women? Results: Being a subscriber of Racer X Illustrated and/or Motocross Action Magazine for the last 30 years, I have found that I look at many of the ads in those magazines in a rather numb, non-consuming state of mind. I’ve seen the ads so many times that I know all about the companies and their products so I don’t pay much attention to them. To my surprise, after looking at 60 different magazines that were printed over a span of five years, I didn’t find a single ad that was specifically advertising the actual energy drink. I found a large variety of ads that were promoting energy drink sponsored events, but none for the drinks themselves. The majority of the sponsored events were either motocross races, action sports events, or alternative rock concerts (the Vans Warped Tour) and bands (Linkin Park). If I was to describe the age, sex, and race of the attendees of these events it would probably be predominantly 16 – 25 year old, white, males. Although I didn’t find any product ads in the magazines it was nearly impossible to turn a page and not find pictures of riders or motorcycles that didn’t have the name or logo of an energy drink showing. I felt the four animated Red Bull commercials could be perceived as trying to target the very young viewers and the female market as much as anything else. They were light hearted, funny cartoons that weren’t big, bold, and overbearing. The four Red Bull commercials featuring their sponsored athletes were very action packed and intense. They included Robbie â€Å"Mado† Madison jumping his motorcycle onto the roof of a building in Las Vegas, â€Å"B-boy Ronnie† freestyle break dancing, big wave surfer Ian Walsh, and stunt plane pilot Kirby Chambliss. While the animated commercials carried the pitch, â€Å"Red Bull Gives You Wings,† the commercials with the athletes concluded with the athlete saying, â€Å"Welcome to my World, the World of Red Bull. † These action driven commercials were in my opinion made for the thrill seeking male consumer between the ages of 16 to 25. I also found that Red Bull’s marketing plan has the brand pursuing traditional advertising such as TV commercials as its last phase of product market development (Hein). â€Å"Media is not a tool that we use to establish the market,† says Red Bull’s Vice President of Marketing, David Rohdy. â€Å"The idea is to reinforce, not introduce the brand. Only when a market is deemed mature does the company begin a media push,† concluded Rohdy. Red Bull typically creates two new TV spots each year and runs them in their â€Å"mature markets† (Hein). The four web sites that I reviewed and coded were the corporate web sites of Red Bull: http://www. redbull. com/ , Rockstar Energy Drink: http://www. rockstar69. com/ , Monster Energy: http://www. monsterenergy. com/. In addition to the three top selling energy drink brands I also looked at Alli Sports: http://www. allisports. com/ the promoter of some of the biggest action sports series and events in the world. Themes that were consistent with all four of the sites were action, youth, and energy, energy, energy. The Red Bull site was the most clean cut and professional looking site out of the three beverage sites. I’m not saying that the Rockstar and Monster sites were cheaply made, or have an unprofessional appearance, but the Red Bull site looks like something you would present to share holders of the company. It has the least amount of â€Å"boldness† of the three beverage sites, but is packed full of well filmed video clips showing off their sponsored athletes. I don’t know if the fact that the corporate base for Red Bull is in Austria has anything to do with the web sites visual appeal, but it’s definitely a different approach than its competition took. With the look and accessibility of this site and its features I felt like it was geared for an older more mature audience. I didn’t see the sight selling the sexual appeal of women as much as I did on the Rockstar site. I think Red Bull’s site would appeal to both men and women ages 15 to 40. The Rockstar site was definitely the edgiest of the three beverage sites. Just on the home page alone you see ads for mixed martial arts fights and heavy metal concerts that the brand is sponsoring. If you look further down you can watch a short video clip of five beautiful, big breasted women posing on motorcycles and race cars. There’s also links that talk about the variety of products they offer as well as links to the various music and sports events that they sponsor to include the sponsored bands and athletes that participate in those events. I felt that the Rockstar site was definitely geared for young, white, males, ages 15 to 30. Overall I thought that the site had a very harsh tone to it and women probably wouldn’t appreciate it. With a mix of the fighters and rock concert promotions flashing on the screen a viewer might even feel some rage building inside while viewing the site. The Monster site was all about speed. The home page had a constantly changing look that showcased many Monster sponsored racers. The site overall was neatly laid out. It didn’t have as clean and crisp of a look as Red Bull had but it wasn’t as busy as the Rockstar site was. The site was easy to navigate and was very appealing to the eye. I feel the overall look of the site and the message that it gives was directed more towards the young, white, male between the ages of 15 and 35. The site is very dark, as the background is black, and has a hardcore feel and tone. I think women might be turned off by that. One feature on the Monster site that is inviting to a broader fan / consumer base is the Monster Army. I think the idea of being a part of something is a selling point for many of today’s youth. I think the Monster Army is an appealing environment for both sexes with an age range of 12 to 40. The Alli Sports web site focuses on the promotion of the action sports events that they promote. Although Alli Sports doesn’t have direct sponsorship deals with any of the leading energy drink companies, all of the athletes that are sponsored by those companies participate in Alli Sports produced events. The same demographic that participates in BMX, motocross, wakeboarding, skateboarding, and other alternative action sports that Alli promotes also consume energy drinks. I feel the Alli site is geared more towards the fans of action sports which could be male or female between the ages of 12 and 40. It’s a very bright web site and has a low key and fun overall tone to it. Both the articles I found from industry insiders as well as the academic research papers that I found voiced similar issues and concerns. One issue of concern and importance addressed the use of energy drinks by college students. I was unaware of the fact that many energy drinks are on the list of nutritional supplements banned by the NCAA. Caffeine is a stimulant and college athletes will fail a drug test if the concentration of caffeine in their sample is 15 micrograms per milliliter. That would be the equivalent of slamming five to 10 cups of coffee before a game (Moritz). Another concern that researchers have is the increasing number of college students that are consuming alcohol mixed with energy drinks. In the fall of 2006, 4,271 college students from 10 universities in North Carolina were surveyed about their consumption of energy drinks, alcohol, and the combination of the two. The results of the survey showed that 697 of the students had consumed one or more energy drinks within the last 30 days, and one-quarter of the students said that they mixed alcohol and energy drinks. Looking at the amount of energy drinks consumed by the two sexes it was discovered that men drank on average 2. 49 energy drinks per month while women drank 1. 22 drinks per month. Students who were young, male, white, intramural athletes, and fraternity members or pledges, were significantly more likely to drink energy drinks that those in other demographics (O’Brien, Miller). With college students’ taking heavier class loads and the ever present concern of one’s grades, caffeine abuse has been on the rise on college campuses. There has been an increase in reports of caffeine intoxication from the mass consumption of energy drinks as well as an overall an increase in the number of students that are dealing with caffeine dependence and withdrawal issues (Reissig). The poison control center in Chicago has handled 265 cases of caffeine abuse involving energy drinks in the last three years. The users’ average age was under 21 (LeBlanc). Interpretation: Based on information I reviewed, I feel that the energy drink industry is very strong and will continue to grow. I think the marketeers of the energy drinks are doing a great job at getting visibility for their products and they’re focusing on a set consumer demographic that has huge spending power. The youth and college students today are easily influenced and have a strong influence on the products their peers buy. The studies show that because these energy drink companies are gaining brand loyalty from their consumers at a young age that the odds are in their favor that they will become lifelong consumers. Taking the unconventional route to marketing may or may not be any cheaper than doing normal TV spots that Coke and Pepsi do. Either way, the leaders of the energy drink market are making it work for them. From a financial standpoint, I think the return on investment will come faster in the energy drink industry than it ever has in any other aspect of the beverage industry. Selling 8 oz. cans for over $2 a can is a quick way to make money. Red Bull, Monster, and Rockstar are dominating the energy drink industry when it comes to consumer preference with white male’s ages 12 to 40, but what about the ladies? The industry has yet to scratch the surface of the young female consumer market. Granted, there aren’t too many professional female athletes participating in alternative sports yet, but there are other lines of approach that the industry needs to consider. I remember seeing a bumper sticker once that said, â€Å"Girls Kick Ass. † It is that same kick ass mentality that has made energy drinks as popular as they are today. I think it will only be a matter of time before we see one of the power players in the energy drink industry come out with a product specifically marketed towards women. Maybe a black Monster can with a hot pink claw mark rather than the green one, who knows?! I foresee the FDA getting involved sooner than later with regulations on how much sugar, sodium, and caffeine can be in each product. I don’t feel that mixing energy drinks and alcohol is that big of a problem and personally hope laws don’t get created to prohibit such mixes. I think that if an individual is going to consume alcohol irresponsibly, they are going to do it regardless on the fact that an energy drink is or isn’t part of their drink selection. Bibliography: Campanelli, M. and Lee, J. , eMarketingandCommerce. com (2007). â€Å"Social Media Tips from Monster Energy† (accessed June 9, 2009). Available at: http://www. emarketingandcommerce. com/view/106 Landi, H. , Hall, M. , and Sacks, R. , Beverage World (2009) â€Å"Monster Energy: A Mighty Force† (accessed June 9, 2009) Available at: http://www. beverageworld. com/content/view/35687/ Scribd, BevNet, Research Wikis (2006) â€Å"Research Wikis Energy Drink marketing Research† (accessed June 10, 2009) Available at: http://www. scribd. com/doc/3259151/ResearchWikis-Energy-Drinks-Marketing-Research Rajan, A. , Reuters (2009) â€Å"Hansen’s Monster Takes the Fight to Red Bull’s Turf† (accessed June 10, 2009) Available at: http://www. reuters. com/article/ousiv/idUSTRE5313N320090402 Francella, B. , CS News Online (2008) â€Å"Energy Drink Sales Growth Running Out of Steam? † (accessed June 10, 2009). Available at: http://www. csnews. com/csn/index. jsp Search: â€Å"Energy Drink Sales† Berry, B., Agri-Food Trade Service (2008) â€Å"The Energy Drink Segment in North America† (accessed June 11, 2009) Available at: http://www. ats. agr. gc. ca/us/4387_e. htm LeBlanc, P. , Austin American Statesman (2008). â€Å"The Buzz on Energy Drinks – Energy Drinks Booming in Popularity† (accessed June 11, 2009) Available at: http://www. statesman. com/ Search: â€Å"The Buzz on Energy Drinks† Hein, K. , and Rohdy, D. , Brandweek (2001) â€Å"A Bull’s Market – the Marketing of Red Bull Energy Drink† (accessed June 11, 2009) Available at: http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m0BDW/is_22_42/ai_75286777/?tag=content;col1 Moritz, A. , Tribune Business News (2008). â€Å"Think Before Using an Energy Drink: Colleges† (accessed June 11, 2009) Available at: http://proquest. umi. com. jproxy. lib. ecu. edu/login? COPT=REJTPUc2 Search in the ProQuest Research Library database: â€Å"Think Before Using an Energy Drink: Colleges† Reissig, C. J. , Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (2009) â€Å"Caffeinated Energy Drinks – A Growing Problem† (accessed June 11, 2009) Available at: http://web. ebscohost. com. jproxy. lib.ecu. edu/ehost/search? vid=1hid=6sid=5b788385-77d0-43c3-8372-037638da0fc6%40SRCSM2 Search in the PsycINFO database: â€Å"Caffeinated Energy Drinks – A Growing Problem† O’Brien, M. C. , Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Winston Salem, NC (2008) â€Å"Caffeinated Cocktails: Energy Drink Consumption, High-Risk Drinking, and Alcohol- Related Consequences Among College Students† (accessed June 11, 2009) Available at: http://apps. isiknowledge. com. jproxy. lib. ecu. edu/summary. do? qid=2product=WOSSID=1BONI6HlgO3hemOl6fPsearch_mode=GeneralSearch. Miller, K. E. , SUNY Coll Buffalo, Res Inst Addict, Buffalo, NY – Journal of American College Health (2008) â€Å"Wired: Energy Drinks, Jock Identity, Masculine Norms, and Risk Taking† (accessed June 11, 2009) Available at: http://apps. isiknowledge. com. jproxy. lib. ecu. edu/summary. do? qid=5product=WOSSID=1BONI6HlgO3hemOl6fPsearch_mode=GeneralSearch Ness, G. , Chief Strategy Officer, Sundog. net (2006) â€Å"Marketing to College Students 101 (accessed June 11, 2009) Available at: http://www. sundog. net/sunblog/posts/marketing-to-college-students-101/.

Introduction To Deaf Culture Course Syllabus Education Essay

Introduction To Deaf Culture Course Syllabus Education Essay This is a course to provide students an introduction to the unique aspects of Deaf Culture and Deaf community. This course provides in-depth discussion of the beliefs and customs of this sociolinguistic/cultural minority in relation to language use and history of Deaf people in the United States of America. This course is intended for students who are interested in learning about Deaf Culture and the Deaf community. III. REQUISITES: Advisory: ENGL 051 with a grade of C or better, or equivalent. or Assessment Skill Level W5 ENGL 056 with a grade of C or better, or equivalent. or Assessment Skill Level R5 Limitation on Enrollment: This course is not open to students with previous credit for SPED 104 STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon successful completion of the course the student will be able to: 1. Compare and contrast the phenomena of culture among Deaf people in the United States of America as seen from within that cultural group and as observed by people outside it. 2. Discuss, compare and contrast United States Deaf Culture and foreign Deaf Cultures. 3. Differentiate between the various aspects of United States of America Deaf community and Deaf Culture and United States of America Hearing communities and their culture(s). 4. Examine the relationships between Deaf children and their Deaf parents, Deaf children and their Hearing parents, and Hearing children and their Deaf parents. 5. Identify some basic values and behaviors of United States of America Deaf people related to language use; as opposed to sign system usage e.g. sign supported speech such as SEE1, SEE2; Oral Method; etc. 6. Describe how ASL fits into a linguistic framework and pattern. 7. Describe how American Sign Language fits into the family of human languages. 8. Summarize the historical ideas and perspectives from Hearing people about Deaf people, Deaf persons own perspectives about themselves. 9. Describe the historical development of Deaf Culture. 10. Identify past and present Deaf artists, writers and storytellers who influenced Deaf Culture and American Sign Language. 11. Compare and contrast the changing image of Deaf people and how the changes have influenced the art of Deaf people. 12. Identify and differentiate the social and political organizations of Deaf people. 13. Identify and describe the functions of various past and current devices used by Deaf people, and how these devices have changed over the years. 14. Describe how Deaf cultural values relate to technology and how technology has changed the Deaf Culture in the United States of America. V. COURSE CONTENT: The American Deaf: The phenomena of culture among Deaf people in the United States and foreign Deaf cultures. The American Deaf: Distinguishing the various aspects of United States of America Deaf/Hearing communities and Deaf/Hearing Cultures. Deaf Values and Behaviors: The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. Deaf Values and Behaviors: Some basic values and behaviors of United States of America Deaf people related to language use. The American Sign Language: Recognizing, comparing and describing how ASL fits into a linguistic framework and into the family of human languages. Deaf Heritage: Summarizing and describing the historical ideas, perspectives and development of Deaf Culture, and the perspectives held by Hearing and Deaf people. VII. The Deaf Culture in Art: ASL Literature and Deaf Artists: Some past and present Deaf artists, and the changing image of Deaf people influencing the art of Deaf Culture and American Sign Language. VIII. Organizations of Deaf People: Various organizations of Deaf people. IX. Technology and Deaf People: How technology affects the Deaf culture and the Deaf community. VI. METHODS OF INSTRUCTION: A. Question and Answer Sessions B. Discussions C. Homework assignments D. Videotapes E. Vlogs F. PowerPoint Presentations VII.STUDENT EVALUATION: The breakdown of each line item for grading purposes are as follows: The following exams will consist of various questions such as filling in the blanks, matching, multiple choice, paragraph, short answer, T/F, etc.: Midà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœTerm Exam# 1 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 30% (The American Deaf, and Deaf Values and Behaviors) Mid-Term Exam #1 begins on March 16, 2011 from 12:01am to March 23, 2011 12:00 midnight (take the exam anytime that week). [from PowerPoint, Lead Questions assigned pages from three required textbooks (see class schedule on p. 6-9) pertaining to The American Deaf, and Deaf Values and Behaviors]. Midà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœTerm Exam #2 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 30% (The American Sign Language) Mid-Term Exam #2 begins on April 13, 2011 from 12:01am to April 20, 2011 12:00 midnight (take the exam anytime that week). [from PowerPoint, Lead Questions assigned pages from three required textbooks (see class schedule on p. 9-10) pertaining to The American Sign Language]. C. Individual Written Report à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 5% (see Roman numeral VIII Individual Written Report p. 3 p. 13-16 of the syllabus). 1. Due on May 16, 2011 D. Final Exam à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 35% (Deaf Heritage, The Deaf Culture in Art, Organizations of Deaf People, and Technology and Deaf People) Final Exam on May 18, 2011 from 12:01am to May 21, 2011 12:00 midnight (take the exam anytime during these four days). [from PowerPoint, Lead Questions assigned pages from three required textbooks (see class schedule on p. 10-11) pertaining to Deaf Heritage, The Deaf Culture in Art, Organizations of Deaf People, and Technology and Deaf People]. *Students with disabilities who may need academic accommodations should discuss options with their professors during the first two weeks of class. INDIVIDUAL WRITTEN REPORT: Each student is to select one textbook from pages 14 -16 of the course syllabus or a textbook not listed that focuses on the humanistic aspects of Deaf people (student must request approval from professor). Each student should follow the Written Report guidelines on page 13 of the course syllabus as closely as possible. *One Individual Written Report due on May 16, 2011. LEAD QUESTIONS: These are questions I have developed to prepare you for the Midterm Exams and Final Exam. Answers to Lead Questions will be provided on March 9th, April 6th, and May 11th. X. REQUIRED TEXTS: A. Ladd, P. (2003). Understanding Deaf Culture In Search of Deafhood, Buffalo, NY: Multilingual Matters LTD; ISBN: 1-85359-545-4 B. Lane, Harlan; Hoffmeister, Robert and Bahan, Ben (1996) A Journey into the Deaf World, Dawn Sign Press; ISBN: 0à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ915035à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ63à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ4 C. Moore, M. S. Levitan, L. (2003). For Hearing People Only 3rd ed. Rochester, NY: Deaf Life Press; ISBN: 0-9634-016-3-7 XI. RECOMMENDED SUPPLEMENTAL TEXTS: A. Gannon, J. R. (1981). Deaf Heritage (A Narrative History of Deaf America), Silver Spring, MD: NAD Padden, C. Humphries, T. (2005). Inside Deaf Culture, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press Van Cleve, J. V. (1993) Deaf History Unveiled, Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press STUDENT RESPONSIBILITY * Students are responsible to pay all fees and process the ADD code for the course within the established time frame. Students will not be able to continue in the course if the enrollment process is not completed within the given time frame. * Students are responsible to drop the course as to avoid the potential of having a grade be assigned for the course at the end of the course. *Students are expected to respect and obey standards of student conduct while in class and on the campus. (Policy 3100 and Procedures 3100.1 and 3100.2) Charges of misconduct and disciplinary sanctions may be imposed upon students who violate these standards of conduct or provisions of college regulations. In addition, instructors expect appropriate classroom participation and conduct. Monopolizing classroom discussions, being uncooperative, talking during lecture, using profanity, reading unrelated material, and using electronic equipment (texting, chirps, ring mode) are examples of behavior that may not be tolerated. Bringing children to class is not allowed. Regarding talking in class, the student will be warned once, and if the student disregards the warning, s/he will be requested to leave the class for (1) one day resulting in (1) one class absence. The next warning will result the student requested to leave the class and miss (2) two consecutive classes. This inevitably means the student will fall behind in his/her class work. *Cheating, plagiarism, or other forms of academic dishonesty are not acceptable and will not be tolerated in accordance with the college student code of conduct and basic standards of academic honesty. Violations of standards of academic honesty will be reported to the college disciplinary office for appropriate action. *If you have to miss a class, it is your responsibility to find out what you missed. There are three questions you should never ask the instructor: Did I miss anything? Of course you did. Did we do anything important? Of course we did. Can you tell me what I missed? No. You are responsible for everything that happens in a class, so you are responsible for gathering whatever information you have missed. *At the beginning of each of your classes, you should identify a study buddy, someone you can study with on a regular basis or just call in emergencies. AMSL 104 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ INTRODUCTION TO DEAF CULTURE Class Schedule Week One Jan. 24: Introduction and Overview UDC: Introduction: pp. 1-9, 14-19, 21-25, Ch. 1: pp. 32-39. Week One Jan. 26: The American Deaf The phenomena of culture among Deaf people in the United States and foreign Deaf cultures. Distinguishing the various aspects of United States of America Deaf/Hearing communities and Deaf/Hearing Cultures. The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 5 pp. 124à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ130. Week Two Jan. 31: The American Deaf The phenomena of culture among Deaf people in the United States and foreign Deaf cultures. Distinguishing the various aspects of United States of America Deaf/Hearing communities and Deaf/Hearing Cultures. The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. UDC: Ch. 1: pp. 26-32; pp. 39-48. Week Two Feb. 2: The American Deaf The phenomena of culture among Deaf people in the United States and foreign Deaf cultures. Distinguishing the various aspects of United States of America Deaf/Hearing communities and Deaf/Hearing Cultures. The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. UDC: Ch. 1: pp. 59-64; pp. 72-73. Week Three Feb. 7: The American Deaf The phenomena of culture among Deaf people in the United States and foreign Deaf cultures. Distinguishing the various aspects of United States of America Deaf/Hearing communities and Deaf/Hearing Cultures. The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. UDC: Ch. 5: pp. 232-266. Week Three Feb. 9: The American Deaf The phenomena of culture among Deaf people in the United States and foreign Deaf cultures. Distinguishing the various aspects of United States of America Deaf/Hearing communities and Deaf/Hearing Cultures. The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. FHPO: Ch. 10, 37,38, 39 40. Week Four Feb. 14: The American Deaf The phenomena of culture among Deaf people in the United States and foreign Deaf cultures. Distinguishing the various aspects of United States of America Deaf/Hearing communities and Deaf/Hearing Cultures. The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. FHPO: Ch. 51, 52, 53, 55 56. Week Four Feb. 16: The American Deaf The phenomena of culture among Deaf people in the United States and foreign Deaf cultures. Distinguishing the various aspects of United States of America Deaf/Hearing communities and Deaf/Hearing Cultures. The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. FHPO: Ch. 57, 58, 59, 60 77. *Week Five Feb. 21: Washingtons Birthday Week Five Feb. 23: Deaf Values and Behaviors The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. Some basic values and behaviors of United States of America Deaf people related to language use. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 1 pp. 3à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ23; Ch. 2 pp. 24à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ41. FHPO: Ch. 21, 22, 23, 24, 44, 85, 90, 95. Week Six Feb. 28: Deaf Values and Behaviors The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. Some basic values and behaviors of United States of America Deaf people related to language use. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 3 pp. 67à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ77; Ch. 7 pp. 213à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ227. FHPO: Ch. 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110 111. Week Six March 2: Deaf Values and Behaviors The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. Some basic values and behaviors of United States of America Deaf people related to language use. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 13 pp. 369à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ378. FHPO: Ch. 112, 113, 114, 115, 116. Week Seven March 7: Deaf Values and Behaviors The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. Some basic values and behaviors of United States of America Deaf people related to language use. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 15 pp. 408à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ425. FHPO: Ch. 117, 118, 119, 120, 121. Week Seven March 9: Deaf Values and Behaviors The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. Some basic values and behaviors of United States of America Deaf people related to language use. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 15 pp. 437à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ451. *Answers to Lead Questions provided. Week Eight March 14: Deaf Values and Behaviors The relationships between Deaf/Hearing children and their Deaf/Hearing parents. Some basic values and behaviors of United States of America Deaf people related to language use. FHPO: Ch. 122, 123, 128, 130 131. Week Eight March 16 to March 23: Midà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœTerm Exam #1 Week Nine March 21: The American Sign Language Recognizing, comparing and describing how ASL fits into a linguistic framework and into the family of human languages. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 3 pp. 42à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ51. Week Nine March 23: The American Sign Language Recognizing, comparing and describing how ASL fits into a linguistic framework and into the family of human languages. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 3 pp. 63à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ66. Week Ten March 28: The American Sign Language Recognizing, comparing and describing how ASL fits into a linguistic framework and into the family of human languages. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 4 pp. 78à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ123. Week Ten March 30: The American Sign Language Recognizing, comparing and describing how ASL fits into a linguistic framework and into the family of human languages. FHPO: Ch. 3 6. Week Eleven April 4: The American Sign Language Recognizing, comparing and describing how ASL fits into a linguistic framework and into the family of human languages. FHPO: Ch. 7 11. Week Eleven April 6: The American Sign Language Recognizing, comparing and describing how ASL fits into a linguistic framework and into the family of human languages. FHPO: Ch. 17 18. *Answers to Lead Questions provided. Week Twelve April 11 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ The American Sign Language Recognizing, comparing and describing how ASL fits into a linguistic framework and into the family of human languages. FHPO: Ch. 19 67. Week Twelve April 13 to April 20: Midà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœTerm Exam #2 Week Thirteen April 18: Spring Recess: No classes held Week Thirteen April 20: Spring Recess: No classes held Week Fourteen April 25: Deaf Heritage Summarizing and describing the historical ideas, perspectives and development of Deaf Culture, and the perspectives held by Hearing and Deaf people. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 3 pp. 51à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ63; Ch. 14 pp. 379à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ386. UDC: Ch. 2: pp. 90-133; Ch. 3: pp. 135-161. Week Fourteen April 27: Deaf Heritage Summarizing and describing the historical ideas, perspectives and development of Deaf Culture, and the perspectives held by Hearing and Deaf people. UDC: Ch. 7: pp. 297-329; Ch. 8: pp. 332-366. FHPO: Ch. 1, 4, 8, 13, 28, 29, 78, 99, 100, 101, 102 129. Week Fifteen May 2: The Deaf Culture in Art: ASL Literature and Deaf Artist Some past and present Deaf artists, and the changing image of Deaf people influencing the art of Deaf Culture and American Sign Language. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 5 pp. 138à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ158. Week Fifteen May 4: The Deaf Culture in Art: ASL Literature and Deaf Artist Some past and present Deaf artists, and the changing image of Deaf people influencing the art of Deaf Culture and American Sign Language. UDC: Ch. 1: pp. 48-56. Week Sixteen May 9: The Deaf Culture in Art: ASL Literature and Deaf Artist Some past and present Deaf artists, and the changing image of Deaf people influencing the art of Deaf Culture and American Sign Language. FHPO: Ch. 9, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 68. Week Sixteen May 11: Organizations of Deaf People, Technology and Deaf People Various organizations of Deaf people How technology affects the Deaf culture and the Deaf community. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 5 pp. 131à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ138; pp. 138à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ158. UDC: Ch. 1: pp. 64-72. *Answers to Lead Questions provided. Week Seventeen May 16: Organizations of Deaf People, Technology and Deaf People Various organizations of Deaf people How technology affects the Deaf culture and the Deaf community. JDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœW: Ch. 15 pp. 431à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ437. FHPO: Ch. 75, 76, 103 125. *Individual Written Reports Due. Week Seventeen May 18 to 21: Final Exam *Professor reserves the right to modify the instruction schedule Important Dates: February 4 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Last day to receive and process an add code issued by the instructor. Last day to process and pay for add codes. Deadline to drop classes with no W recorded. February 7 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Last day to drop and be eligible for refund of enrollment fees and/or nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœresident tuition.  · April 1 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Withdrawal deadline à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ No drops accepted after this date.  °Ã‚  It is the students responsibility to drop all classes in which he/she is no longer participating.    °Ã‚  It is the instructors discretion to withdraw a student after the add/drop deadline February 7th due to excessive absences.  °Ã‚  Students who remain enrolled in a class beyond the published withdrawal deadline, as stated in the class schedule, will receive an evaluative letter grade in this class. WRITTEN REPORT This report should be about 5 typewritten pages. Papers may be handed in early, but NO late papers will be accepted. The papers should be typed in DS (double spaced) with size 12 font. The first paragraph should briefly summarize the story idea as you understand it. The second paragraph should describe how you felt as you read the story. Did you experience any changes of feelings as you read along? What were they? Third, answer the question, Do you think this could have really happened? Explain your answer. This question may or may not apply to your story. Fourth, describe the major characters. What kind of people were they? Fifth, select one incident from the story that seemed especially important to you and why you chose that particular incident. REFERENCE MATERIALS LIST (ASL or DEAF CULTURE Classes) DEAF CULTURE Bowe, Frank (1986) Changing the Rules, T. J. Publishers, Inc. Breindel, Tina Jo (1999) Quotes from Deaf Women for a Positive Life. Dawn Sign Press Cohen, Leah Hager (1994) Train Go Sorry: Inside a Deaf World, Random House Drolsbaugh, Mark (1997) Deaf Ate, Handwave Publications Eastman, Gil (2000) Just a DEAF Persons Thoughts II. Linstok Press Erting, Carol (1994) Deafness. Communication.. Social Identity. Sign Media, Inc. Erting, Carol J. Johnson, Robert C. Smith, Dorothy L. Snider, Bruce N. (1994) Deaf Way: The International Celebration of the Language. Culture. History, and Arts of Deaf People Gallaudet University Press Farb, Anita B. (1998) Unrealized Visions: Whats Next for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Community?. NAD Garretson, Mervin D. (1994) Life Culture. Harris Publishing Co. Garretson, Mervin D. (1995) Life Culture II. Harris Publishing Co. Garretson, Mervin D. (1996) Historical Perspectives, Harris Publishing Co. Glickman, Ken (1999) A Proverbial Professors Points to Ponder. Harris Publishing Co. Hairston, Ernest Smith, Linwood (1983) Black and Deaf in America. T.J. Publishers, Inc. Holcomb, Roy Holcomb, Samuel Holcomb, Thomas (1995) Deaf Culture. Our Way. Dawn Sign Press Jacobs, Leo M. (1989) A Deaf Adult Speaks Out, Gallaudet University Press Jepson, Jill (1992) No Walls of Stone: An Anthology of Literature bar Deaf and Hard of Healing Writers. Gallaudet University Press Kannapell, Barbara (1993) Language Choice à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Identity Choice. Linstok Press Lane, Harlan (1992) The Mask of Benevolence. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. Maher, Jane (1996) Seeing Language in Sign: The Work of William C. Stokoe, Gallaudet University Press Moore, Matthew Scott Panara, Robert F. (1996) Great Deaf Americans: The Second Edition, Deaf Life Press Padden, Carol and Humphries, Tom (1988) Deaf in America: Voices from a Culture, Harvard University Press Paris, Damara Goff Drolsbaugh, Mark (1999) Deaf Esprit: Inspiration. Humor and Wisdom from the Deaf Community, AGO Gifts and Publications Podmore, Ron (1995) Sins in Success: Profiles of Deaf Americans, Harris Publishing Co. Rutherford, Susan (1993) A Study of American Deaf Folklore. Linstok Press Sacks, Oliver (1989) _See~ g Voices: A Journey into the World of the Deaf, Harper Collins Schaller, Bob (1999) The Kenny Walker Story, Harris Publishing Co. Schein, Jerome D. (1989) At Home Among Strangers, Gallaudet University Press Stokoe, William (1980) Sign and Culture: A Reader for Students of ASL, Linstok Press Toole, Darlene (1996) Living Legends: Six Stories About Successful Deaf People. Butte Publications, Inc. Toole, Darlene (1998) Living Legends II: Six Stories About Successful Deaf People , Butte Publications, Inc. Winefield, Richard (1987) Never the Twain Shall Meet: The Communications Debate. Gallaudet University Press Woodward, James (1982) How You Gonna Get to Heaven If You Cant Talk With Jesus: On Depathologizing Deafness. T.J. Publishers Wright, Mary Herring (1999) Sounds Like Home: Growing Up Black and Deaf in the South, Gallaudet University Press DEAF HISTORY Albronda, Mildred (1994) Douglas Tilden: The Man and His Legacy, Mildred Albronda, Publisher Boynton, Douglas C. (1998) Forbidden Signs: American Culture and the Campaign Against Sign Language. 1847à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ1920, University of Chicago Press Carroll, Cathryn Mather, Susan M.(1997) Movers Shakers: Deaf People Who Changed the World. Dawn Sign Press Gannon, Jack R. (1981) Deaf Heritage: A Narrative History of Deaf America NAD Groce, Nora Ellen (1985) Everyone Here Spoke Sign Language,, Harvard University Press Jankowski, Katherine A. (1997) Deaf Empowerment: Emergence. Struggle. Rhetoric Gallaudet University Press Lane, Harlan (1984) When the Mind Hears. Random House, Inc. Van Cleve, John (1993) Deaf History Unveiled: Interpretations from the New Scholarship, Gallaudet University Press Van Cleve, John and Crouch, Barry (1989) A Place of Their Own: Creating the Deaf Community in America. Gallaudet University Press AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE Battison, Robbin (1978) Lexical Borrowing In American Sign Language. Linstok Press Stokoe, William (1993) Sign Language Structure. Linstok Press Valli, Clayton Lucas, Ceil (1979) ASL PAH! ! Deaf Students Essays About Their Language. Sign Media, Inc. Wilcox, Sherman (1992) Academic Acceptance of American Sign Language Sign Media, Inc. Woodward, James (1994) Describing Variation in American Sign Language, Linstok Press